Tips for Urban Stargazers

Stargazing in the city? Why not?  Just because someone lives in an urban environment doesnt mean they cant do a little sky observing. Sure, its a bit tougher because of bright lights and overall light pollution, but it can be done.   Most articles  about stargazing  recommend finding a good, dark-sky observing site. But for someone living in the city, who cant get to a dark-sky reservations, its tempting to just stay inside and look at the stars on a computer screen. However, it turns out, there are ways to do some city observing, despite the problems posed by light pollution. Much of the worlds population lives in or near cities, so enthusiastic city stargazers can and do find ways to do back-yard or rooftop observing.   Explore the Solar System The Sun, Moon, and planets are readily accessible because theyre bright. The Sun is an obvious choice, but observers do need to take some strict precautions. NEVER look directly at the Sun with the naked eye and especially NOT through binoculars or a scope that dont have solar filters. If an observer has a  telescope  equipped with a solar filter, then they can look at it through the eyepiece, to see the sunspots and any prominences that might be moving up from the Suns surface.  As it turns out, however, theres a very low-tech way to see sunspots without filters. Heres how it works: let the Sun shine through the telescope, and direct the bright light onto a white wall or a piece of paper. The observer gets to see sunspots without burning their eyes out. In fact,  a number of successful sunspot observers use this method all the time. That method also makes it very easy to sketch sunspots since all the observer has to do is direct the view onto paper and then trace what is projected. Checking out the Moon The Moon is also a great target for city viewing. Watch it night after night (and in the daytime during part of the month), and chart how its appearance changes. Its possible to explore its surface with binoculars, and get really finely-detailed views with a good telescope. One popular pastime is to explore all the large basins and craters on the surface.  Another one is to look for mountains and cracks on the surface.   One thing to look for during an observing session is an iridium flare. Thats a glint of light from the surface of an Iridium satellite. These usually happen not long after sunset and are very bright, so bright then can be seen from cities. However, as Iridium satellitesd are gradually phased out, such flares will happen less and less frequently. Seeing Planets from the City The planets are also good targets for city skygazers. The rings of Saturn and the moons of Jupiter  are popular targets. Plus, they show up well in binoculars or a telescope. There are good observing guides to the planets in the pages of Astronomy, Sky Telescope, SkyNews  magazines, as well as many sources online in other languages. A  digital astronomy program or app, such as StarMap 2 or Stellarium also provide precise positions of the Moon and planets in the sky.   The Deep Sky From the Big City Unfortunately, many people who live in light-polluted areas have never (or rarely) seen the Milky Way. During a power outage, theres a chance of seeing it from the city, but otherwise, it can be very difficult to spot unless they can get a few miles outside of town.   But, all is not lost. There are  some deep-sky objects that city dwellers can try to find. They just need to get out of the way of lights. One trick that many urban observers use is to stay up after midnight when some building owners turn off their outside lights. That might allow a view of such things as the Orion Nebula, the Pleiades star cluster, and some of the brighter star clusters. Other tricks for city observers: Find places to observe from that are shielded from bright nearby lights, such as a corner of a porch, the top of a roof and next to a wall, or from a balcony;Some put a blanket over their heads and their telescopes to block out the direct light;City astrophotographers take long-exposure images of deep sky objects;Use  good star chats  that help a skygazer hop from star to star as you search out a cluster or a nebula.   Ask the Locals Local planetarium theaters often offer stargazing shows, where people can learn the night sky.  They might also have classes for stargazers, so check out the nearby facilities to see what they offer. They are often found in science centers, but also at universities and some school districts offer public access from time to time. Amateur astronomer groups in and near big cities often have observing nights where people can gather with others to do some sky exploration. For example, in New York City, the Friends of the High Line organization have weekly observing sessions from April through October. Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles holds star parties each month, and its telescope is available each week for a peek at the heavens. These are just two of many, many stargazing activities in towns and cities. Also, dont forget the local college and university observatories—they often have observing nights, too. The city might seem like the least likely place to catch a glimpse of the stars, but in cities from downtown New York to Shanghai to Bombay and beyond, people can still often see the brightest stars and planets. It may be a challenge, but the rewards are worth it.

La vida y el trabajo de Pablo Picasso Essay - 948 Words

Pablo Picasso o Pablo Diego Josà © Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Marà ­a de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santà ­sima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruà ­z y Picasso nacià ³ 25 de octubre 1881 en Mà ¡laga, Espaà ±a, los padres de Josà © Ruiz Blasco y Marà ­a Picasso y Là ³pez. Picasso tuvo dos hermanas menores Dolores y Concepcià ³n, llamada Conchita, que murià ³ a la edad de cuatro. La muerte de Conchita afectada Picasso en los aà ±os venideros en su vida posterior. Picasso murià ³ en Francia en abril de 1973. La familia de Picasso era de clase media. Su padre, Ruiz, fue un pintor y por la mayor parte de su vida Ruiz era un profesor de arte en la Escuela de Oficios y un conservador de un museo local. Ruiz animà ³ a su hijo y le ayudà ³ con su arte. Tal vez a causa de†¦show more content†¦Picasso no estaba de acuerdo con las normas y estructuras establecidas por la escuela y pronto comenzà ³ a faltar a clases para dibujar la ciudad que lo rodea. A los diecisà ©is aà ±os, su padre decidià ³ enviarlo a la Real Academia de San Fernando de Madrid, la mejor escuela de arte en el paà ­s. Pero Picasso volvià ³ a ser aburrido de la instruccià ³n formal y dejà ³ de asistir a clase y se retirà ³ de la escuela poco despuà ©s de la inscripcià ³n. Picasso escribià ³ a un amigo durante este tiempo para decir Ellos sà ³lo tiene que ir y seguir sobre lo mismo de siempre: Velà ¡zquez de pintura, Miguel à ngel para la escultura. (Picasso Biography A) La relacià ³n entre Picasso y sus padres se volvià ³ tensa despuà ©s de que à ©l se retirà ³ de la escuela. Su madre y su padre no entendà ­an y estaban decepcionados con Picasso. Despuà ©s de salir de la escuela Picasso se trasladà ³ de nuevo a Barcelona. Mientras que en Barcelona, Picasso fue influenciado por la ciudad a su alrededor, incluyendo la obra de Antoni Gaudà ­, un arquitecto espaà ±ol. Picasso comenzà ³ tambià ©n a un cafà © frecuente conocida como Els Quatre Gats. Radicales y anarquistas se reunieron allà ­, y lo persuadieron a alejarse de arte clà ¡sico y asà ­ comenzà ³ una serie de exploraciones en la obra de Picasso. Los amigos que conocià ³ en Els Quatre Gats, tambià ©n le animaron a visitar Parà ­s para trabajar y Picasso mà ¡s tarde comenzaron los desplazamientos entre las

Conflict and war are inevitable in life Free Essays

We are going to be discussing â€Å"Conflict and war are inevitable in life.† First of all, you cannot imagine a world without conflict and war as they are happening every day. Human beings are prone to conflict and war. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict and war are inevitable in life or any similar topic only for you Order Now War and peace are like Ying and Yang. They are combined and nothing can separate it. Needless wars occur around the world endlessly. Conflicts which are occurring now are: 1. Riots e.g: In Egypt. According to the BBC website, over 100 people have been killed due to the riots. You can disagree by saying† however, the police in Egypt are controlling the riots and rioters begin to decrease by each day according to the BBC. This shows that conflicts can be resolved is not inevitable.† 1. Our fellow teachers, like our Mr Harland are going on strike this Wednesday due to their pensions. This is out of the context however this is still a way of causing troubles in our society. â€Å"They are doing this because if they don’t they won’t be able to survive anymore. It won’t be fair on them would it?† Let’s think back a few years. Racism was very common in the United States and in many parts of Europe. Conflict and wars were created due to racism. People had to suffer in order to survive. Americans used coloured people (black) as slaves to do their bidding. This was inevitable in life! Yes it was a tragedy however that too has been resolved. People change their ways to a greater good. Rosa Parks was an extraordinary example. She stood up towards the white people and due to this, racism was soon abolished. So if it wasn’t for Rosa Parks, would racism have gone even further? Would I be sitting here having this discussion? Wars also occurred and are still occurring in around the globe. For example 1. Afghanistan. The British have to assist as well which endangers many soldiers and innocent people who did not want any of this to occur. All this happened because of one man. (Gadaffi). We are still trying to maintain peace around the world by assisting those in need. However, isn’t helping in the war going to increase the number of battles fought and how many more should have to die? I have also heard that the war in Sri Lanka has ended and people are rebuilding their lives. Wars get created and solved all the time. The Ultimate goal of war and conflict in my opinion is because of jealousy towards a person or people and for the satisfaction of human needs. Even in Julius Caesar, Mark Anthony and Octavius go up against Brutus and Cassius in a needless war. Why should people have to die without any cause or reason? This is exactly why war and conflict are inevitable in life. How to cite Conflict and war are inevitable in life, Essays